Tallyard

How much does it cost to install solar panels?

After the 30% federal tax credit, a typical 6 kW system costs $10,500 to $14,700. It pays for itself in 5 to 10 years and then produces free electricity for another 15 to 20.

Tallyard EditorialUpdated April 20, 2026Reviewed against EnergySage market data, NREL PVWatts, and IRS Section 25D

Start with the number after the tax credit, not before

Every solar cost article leads with the gross price because it is more dramatic. A $18,000 system sounds expensive. But no homeowner pays $18,000. The federal Investment Tax Credit (ITC) reduces your federal tax bill by 30% of the system cost. That $18,000 system costs $12,600 after the credit. Many states add their own rebates ($500 to $5,000 depending on state), and some utilities offer performance-based incentives on top. The net cost is always significantly lower than the sticker price.

6 kW system cost (average US home)BEFORE TAX CREDIT$15,000–21,000−30%AFTER 30% ITC$10,500–14,700
Fig. 1. The 30% ITC applies to the full installed cost including equipment, labor, and permitting. It is a dollar-for-dollar tax credit, not a deduction.
How we calculated these numbers

System pricing from EnergySage 2025-2026 Solar Marketplace Report ($2.50-3.50/watt national average). ITC per IRS Section 25D as amended by the Inflation Reduction Act. Payback calculations use EIA residential electricity rates by state and NREL PVWatts production estimates by location.

Cost per watt is the standard comparison metricNational average: $2.50–3.50 per watt installed (before ITC). A 6 kW system = 6,000 watts.Lower per-watt cost in the Sun Belt ($2.50–2.80). Higher in the Northeast ($3.00–3.50).Compare quotes on per-watt basis. It normalizes system size differences between bids.
Fig. 2. Compare quotes in dollars per watt. This normalizes for system size differences. A $3.00/W quote for an 8 kW system is a better deal than a $3.50/W quote for a 6 kW system.
Payback period by regionHigher electricity rates = faster payback. After payback, solar electricity is essentially free.California ($0.30/kWh)4–6 yrNortheast ($0.25/kWh)6–9 yrSouthwest ($0.14/kWh)6–8 yrSoutheast ($0.13/kWh)8–12 yrMidwest ($0.12/kWh)10–14 yr
Fig. 3. States with high electricity rates pay back fastest. California at $0.30/kWh pays back in 4-6 years. Midwest at $0.12/kWh takes 10-14.
Illustrative example · San Diego, CA
A homeowner installed a 7.2 kW system for $21,600 ($3.00/W). After the 30% ITC ($6,480) and a California state rebate ($1,000), net cost was $14,120. Their previous electricity bill averaged $220/month. The solar system covers 95% of usage. Monthly savings: $209. Annual savings: $2,508. Payback: 5.6 years. Remaining panel warranty after payback: 19.4 years of essentially free electricity.

Composite illustration based on typical project dimensions, regional contractor pricing, and 2026 material costs. Not a specific real project.

Buy vs leaseBuy (cash or loan)Lease / PPAUpfront cost$10,500–14,700 (after ITC)$0Monthly savings80–100% of bill10–30% of billOwn system?YesNo (company owns)Home value impact+$15,000–25,000Minimal (lien)
Fig. 4. Buying captures the full financial benefit. Leasing costs nothing up front but gives most of the savings to the leasing company.
Tax credit rollover
If your federal tax liability is less than the ITC amount in the installation year, the unused credit rolls forward to the next tax year. You do not lose it. But you need enough tax liability to use it eventually. If your annual federal tax bill is very low, consult a tax professional before committing.

For system sizing based on your electricity usage, use the solar calculator. For wire sizing from the inverter to your panel, the wire size calculator handles NEC requirements.